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Korean Mathematical Society
BKMS
ISSN(Print) 1015-8634
ISSN(Online) 2234-3016
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2023-07-31
Hypersurfaces with prescribed mean curvature in measure metric space
Zhengmao ChenAbstract : For any given function $f$, we focus on the so-called prescribed mean curvature problem for the measure $e^{-f(|x|^2)}dx$ provided that $e^{-f(|x|^2)}\in L^1(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})$. More precisely, we prove that there exists a smooth hypersurface $M$ whose metric is $ds^2=d\rho^2+\rho^2d\xi^2$ and whose mean curvature function is \begin{equation*} \frac{1}{n}\frac{u^p}{\rho^\beta}e^{f(\rho^2)}\psi(\xi) \end{equation*} for any given real constants $p$, $\beta$ and functions $f$ and $\psi$ where $u$ and $\rho$ are the support function and radial function of $M$, respectively. Equivalently, we get the existence of a smooth solution to the following quasilinear equation on the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{n}$, \begin{equation*} \sum\limits_{i,j}(\delta_{ij}-\frac{\rho_i\rho_j}{\rho^2+|\nabla\rho|^2})(-\rho_{ji} +\frac{2}{\rho}\rho_j\rho_i +\rho\delta_{ji})=\psi\frac{\rho^{2p+2-n-\beta} e^{f(\rho^2)}}{(\rho^2+|\nabla \rho|^2)^{\frac{p}{2}}} \end{equation*} under some conditions. Our proof is based on the powerful method of continuity. In particular, if we take $f(t)=\frac{t}{2}$, this may be prescribed mean curvature problem in Gauss measure space and it can be seen as an embedded result in Gauss measure space which will be needed in our forthcoming papers on the differential geometric analysis in Gauss measure space, such as Gauss-Bonnet-Chern theorem and its application on positive mass theorem and the Steiner-Weyl type formula, the Plateau problem and so on.
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2023-01-31
UN rings and group rings
Kanchan Jangra, Dinesh UdarAbstract : A ring $R$ is called a UN ring if every non unit of it can be written as product of a unit and a nilpotent element. We obtain results about lifting of conjugate idempotents and unit regular elements modulo an ideal $I$ of a UN ring $R$. Matrix rings over UN rings are discussed and it is obtained that for a commutative ring $R$, a matrix ring $M_n(R)$ is UN if and only if $R$ is UN. Lastly, UN group rings are investigated and we obtain the conditions on a group $G$ and a field $K$ for the group algebra $KG$ to be UN. Then we extend the results obtained for $KG$ to the group ring $RG$ over a ring $R$ (which may not necessarily be a field).
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2023-07-31
A model of retirement and consumption-portfolio choice
Junkee Jeon, Hyeng Keun KooAbstract : In this study we propose a model of optimal retirement, consumption and portfolio choice of an individual agent, which encompasses a large class of the models in the literature, and provide a methodology to solve the model. Different from the traditional approach, we consider the problems before and after retirement simultaneously and identify the difference in the dual value functions as the utility value of lifetime labor. The utility value has an option nature, namely, it is the maximized value of choosing the retirement time optimally and we discover it by solving a variational inequality. Then, we discover the dual value functions by using the utility value. We discover the value function and optimal policies by establishing a duality between the value function and the dual value function. The model and approach offer a significant advantage for computation of optimal policies for a large class of problems.
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2023-07-31
Residual supersingular Iwasawa theory over quadratic imaginary fields
Parham HamidiAbstract : Let $ p $ be an odd prime. Let $ E $ be an elliptic curve defined over a quadratic imaginary field, where $ p $ splits completely. Suppose $ E $ has supersingular reduction at primes above $ p $. Under appropriate hypotheses, we extend the results of \cite{SujFil} to $ \mathbb{Z}_p^{2} $-extensions. We define and study the fine double-signed residual Selmer groups in these settings. We prove that for two residually isomorphic elliptic curves, the vanishing of the signed $ \mu $-invariants of one elliptic curve implies the vanishing of the signed $ \mu $-invariants of the other. Finally, we show that the Pontryagin dual of the Selmer group and the double-signed Selmer groups have no non-trivial pseudo-null submodules for these extensions.
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2023-01-31
On Chowla's hypothesis implying that $L(s,\chi)>0$ for $s>0$ for real characters $\chi$
St\'ephane R. LouboutinAbstract : Let $L(s,\chi)$ be the Dirichlet $L$-series associated with an $f$-periodic complex function $\chi$. Let $P(X)\in {\mathbb C}[X]$. We give an expression for $\sum_{n=1}^f \chi (n)P(n)$ as a linear combination of the $L(-n,\chi)$'s for $0\leq n<\deg P(X)$. We deduce some consequences pertaining to the Chowla hypothesis implying that $L(s,\chi )>0$ for $s>0$ for real Dirichlet characters $\chi$. To date no extended numerical computation on this hypothesis is available. In fact by a result of R. C. Baker and H. L. Montgomery we know that it does not hold for almost all fundamental discriminants. Our present numerical computation shows that surprisingly it holds true for at least $65\%$ of the real, even and primitive Dirichlet characters of conductors less than $10^6$. We also show that a generalized Chowla hypothesis holds true for at least $72\%$ of the real, even and primitive Dirichlet characters of conductors less than $10^6$. Since checking this generalized Chowla's hypothesis is easy to program and relies only on exact computation with rational integers, we do think that it should be part of any numerical computation verifying that $L(s,\chi )>0$ for $s>0$ for real Dirichlet characters $\chi$. To date, this verification for real, even and primitive Dirichlet characters has been done only for conductors less than $2\cdot 10^5$.
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2023-05-31
Bach almost solitons in paraSasakian geometry
Uday Chand De, Gopal GhoshAbstract : If a paraSasakian manifold of dimension $(2n+1)$ represents Bach almost solitons, then the Bach tensor is a scalar multiple of the metric tensor and the manifold is of constant scalar curvature. Additionally it is shown that the Ricci operator of the metric $g$ has a constant norm. Next, we characterize 3-dimensional paraSasakian manifolds admitting Bach almost solitons and it is proven that if a 3-dimensional paraSasakian manifold admits Bach almost solitons, then the manifold is of constant scalar curvature. Moreover, in dimension 3 the Bach almost solitons are steady if $r=-6$; shrinking if $r>-6$; expanding if $r
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2023-07-31
On semi-regular injective modules and strong dedekind rings
Renchun QuAbstract : The main motivation of this paper is to introduce and study the notions of strong Dedekind rings and semi-regular injective modules. Specifically, a ring $R$ is called strong Dedekind if every semi-regular ideal is $Q_0$-invertible, and an $R$-module $E$ is called a semi-regular injective module provided ${\rm Ext}^1_R(T,E)=0$ for every $\mathcal{Q}$-torsion module $T$. In this paper, we first characterize rings over which all semi-regular injective modules are injective, and then study the semi-regular injective envelopes of $R$-modules. Moreover, we introduce and study the semi-regular global dimensions $sr$-gl.dim$(R)$ of commutative rings $R$. Finally, we obtain that a ring $R$ is a ${\rm DQ}$-ring if and only if $sr$-gl.dim$(R)=0$, and a ring $R$ is a strong Dedekind ring if and only if $sr$-gl.dim$(R)\leq 1$, if and only if any semi-regular ideal is projective. Besides, we show that the semi-regular dimensions of strong Dedekind rings are at most one.
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2023-07-31
On the $p$-adic valuation of generalized harmonic numbers
Çağatay AltuntaşAbstract : For any prime number $p$, let $J(p)$ be the set of positive integers $n$ such that the numerator of the $n^{th}$ harmonic number in the lowest terms is divisible by this prime number $p$. We consider an extension of this set to the generalized harmonic numbers, which are a natural extension of the harmonic numbers. Then, we present an upper bound for the number of elements in this set. Moreover, we state an explicit condition to show the finiteness of our set, together with relations to Bernoulli and Euler numbers.
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2023-11-30
Automorphisms of K3 surfaces with Picard number two
Kwangwoo LeeAbstract : It is known that the automorphism group of a K3 surface with Picard number two is either an infinite cyclic group or an infinite dihedral group when it is infinite. In this paper, we study the generators of such automorphism groups. We use the eigenvector corresponding to the spectral radius of an automorphism of infinite order to determine the generators.
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2023-07-31
$A_{\alpha}$-spectral extrema of graphs with given size and matching number
Xingyu Lei, Shuchao Li, Jianfeng WangAbstract : In 2017, Nikiforov proposed the $A_{\alpha}$-matrix of a graph $G$. This novel matrix is defined as $$A_{\alpha}(G)=\alpha D(G)+(1- \alpha )A(G),~\alpha \in [0,1],$$ where $D(G)$ and $A(G)$ are the degree diagonal matrix and adjacency matrix of $G$, respectively. Recently, Zhai, Xue and Liu [39] considered the Brualdi-Hoffman-type problem for $Q$-spectra of graphs with given matching number. As a continuance of it, in this contribution we consider the Brualdi-Hoffman-type problem for $A_{\alpha}$-spectra of graphs with given matching number. We identify the graphs with given size and matching number having the largest $A_{\alpha}$-spectral radius for $\alpha \in [\frac{1}{2},1)$.
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