Bulletin of the
Korean Mathematical Society
BKMS

ISSN(Print) 1015-8634 ISSN(Online) 2234-3016

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Bull. Korean Math. Soc.

Online first article March 10, 2025

Copyright © The Korean Mathematical Society.

Second and Third order differential subordination for exponential function

Shanmugam Sivaprasad Kumar and Neha Verma

Delhi Technological University

Abstract

This article presents several findings regarding second and third-order differential subordination of the form:
$$
p(z)+\gamma_1 zp'(z)+\gamma_2 z^2p''(z)\prec h(z)\implies p(z)\prec e^z
$$
and $$
p(z)+\gamma_1 zp'(z)+\gamma_2 z^2p''(z)+\gamma_3 z^3p'''(z)\prec h(z)\implies p(z)\prec e^z.
$$
Here, $\gamma_1$, $\gamma_2$, and $\gamma_3$ represent positive real numbers, and various selections of $h(z)$ are explored within the context of the class $\mathcal{S}^{*}_{e} := \{f \in \mathcal{A} : zf'(z)/f(z) \prec e^z\}$, which denotes the class of starlike functions associated with the exponential function.

Keywords: Differential Subordination, Exponential Function, Starlike Function, Third-order Subordination

MSC numbers: 30C45, 30C80

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